![]() "Two Romes fell, a third stands, and there will not be a fourth one." "All the Christian kingdoms have come to an end and have converged in the single kingdom of our sovereign," Philotheus wrote in one of the epistles. The Duchy of Moscow, in the monk's view, remained the last bastion of the true faith. In 1523-1524 he wrote letters to the Grand Duke of Moscow urging him to fight against heresies. ![]() ![]() It was the Orthodox monk Philotheus (Filofei) who called Moscow the Third Rome for the first time. But one of the most familiar names, dating back to the Middle Ages, is the “Third Rome.” But where did it come from? Successor to Rome and Constantinople The city is sometimes referred to as the "first throned" indicating it became the first capital of the young Russian state, or "golden-domed" in light of the gilded cupolas of Moscow’s churches. ![]() For Russian speakers, Moscow has many nicknames.
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